Three-dimensional Five-axis Lasers Application in Hot Stamping Forming

At present, in the field of car body hot stamping, the technical application of three-dimensional five-axis Laser Cutting Machine tools has become quite mature. As hot stamping technology matures and automobile manufacturers lower their quotations for hot stamping parts suppliers, the demand for three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting equipment from automobile hot stamping parts suppliers is also changing. With the development of the hot stamping market, the customer base and customer needs have also changed. From the initial pursuit of high efficiency, high-quality cutting, high precision and long-term stability, now they are more inclined to requirements in two different dimensions: more Low investment cost and higher production efficiency. The results of this study are based on: the needs of different customers in the current hot stamping market, as well as new technological innovations in three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting processing centers. One of them is the latest two-in-one optical fiber used in three-dimensional five-axis cutting. Under the same laser power conditions, it can improve the cutting efficiency of the entire processing center for single parts. The other is how to meet some customer needs while reducing the cost. Investment cost of equipment.

Three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting technology has been used in the field of automotive hot stamping for many years. In 2006, three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting technology used in the field of automotive hot stamping was introduced to the Chinese market and has been developing continuously. In the past 17 years, as the development of this technology has become more and more mature, the cost of hot stamping parts has been significantly reduced, and the proportion of hot stamping parts used in automobiles has gradually increased. Three-dimensional laser cutting has become an important part of the hot stamping process. Manufacturers of hot stamping parts have increasingly higher requirements for three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting equipment. Equipment purchase cost and processing efficiency are the two factors that customers are currently most concerned about.

Here we introduce the main components of three-dimensional laser cutting processing equipment, mainly: bed, laser fiber cable, laser light source, and cutting head.
(1) Lathe bed: The main structure of the machining center and the support of the motion mechanism.
(2) Optical fiber cable: Laser transmission mechanism, used to transmit the laser generated by the light source to the laser cutting head
(3) Laser light source: Laser generating device, usually a solid-state light source.
(4) Cutting head: Focus the laser on the surface of the production or processing part.

Analysis of laser cutting process under special beam quality
The latest laser technology is the two-in-one fiber laser cutting technology (BrightLine Speed) applied to hot stamping three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting. The two-in-one fiber optic cable is very reasonably matched to two diameters of optical cores (inner and outer fiber cores). The beam quality of the laser generated by the light source can be changed by adjusting the combination of the inner core and outer core diameters of the laser beam. After forming the most suitable beam ratio for three-dimensional laser cutting, this new technology can effectively improve the cutting speed of the machining center system and the cutting quality of hot stamping parts responsible for the profile.

Two-in-one fiber laser beam cutting technology has great potential to increase production capacity and save costs for hot stamping parts manufacturers using three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting, as follows:

(1) Using two-in-one fiber laser cutting technology to process 2mm sheets can increase the cutting speed by 30%. When processing 1mm sheets, the cutting speed can be increased by 50%.

(2) When processing sheets less than 2 mm thick, the cutting speed of a 3kw power two-in-one fiber laser is faster than the cutting speed of a 4kw ordinary laser.

(3) When processing 1.5 mm thick sheets, the cutting efficiency of the 3kw power two-in-one fiber laser can be increased by 8%.

(4) The cutting process of the 3kw power two-in-one fiber laser can save 50% of gas consumption compared with ordinary lasers.

Three-dimensional five-axis laser technology plays an important role in the pre-processing, process control and post-processing of hot stamping. Its high precision and flexibility provide efficient processing solutions for the automotive, engineering machinery, mold and other industries.
application:
Pre-processing: Three-dimensional five-axis laser technology can be used to precisely cut and engrave part geometries before hot stamping. For example, using two-in-one fiber laser cutting technology (BrightLine Speed), the laser beam quality can be changed by adjusting the combination of inner and outer fiber core diameters, thereby forming the most suitable beam ratio for three-dimensional laser cutting, effectively improving the cutting speed and performance of the machining center system. Responsible for the cutting quality of hot stamping parts.
Process control: During the hot stamping process, three-dimensional five-axis laser technology can achieve precise tracking and processing of complex curved surfaces. For example, the three-dimensional five-axis CNC laser machine tool independently developed by Han's Laser Intelligent Equipment Group can laser process complex curved three-dimensional parts. Its laser cutting head can achieve N×360° infinite rotation, ensuring the flexibility and precision of processing.
Post-processing: After hot stamping is completed, three-dimensional five-axis laser technology can also be used for post-processing work such as burr removal and edge grinding to improve the overall quality of the finished product. In addition, this technology can also be used to perform fine cutting or engraving on completed parts to meet higher design requirements.

Three-dimensional five-axis laser technology effectively optimizes mold design, reduces material waste, and improves yield by providing high-precision processing capabilities, optimizing processing paths, automatically adjusting cutting parameters, and increasing the freedom of design and processing. The comprehensive application of these technologies makes the three-dimensional five-axis laser an ideal choice for mold manufacturing and complex parts processing.

Precise five-axis linkage control: The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting machine has five degrees of freedom: This high-precision motion control makes the cutting process more precise, thereby improving the design accuracy and yield of the mold.
Surface adaptation following technology: When cutting complex curved surfaces, the cutting head can follow the movement along the curved surface to maintain the focus position of the laser and the relative position of the cutting material, which can reduce material waste caused by focus deviation.
Search segmentation and tool path optimization technology: Use CNC or CAD/CAM systems to properly segment complex surfaces and generate optimal cutting paths to reduce cutting time and improve cutting quality. This optimization can effectively reduce material usage and processing time, reducing costs.
Automatic cutting parameter adjustment technology: According to the material type, thickness and predetermined cutting path, the system can automatically adjust cutting parameters, such as laser power, cutting speed, gas flow, etc., to ensure cutting results. This helps improve processing efficiency and product quality.
Multi-angle processing in one clamping: Compared with traditional two-dimensional processes, three-dimensional five-axis technology can achieve multiple angles of cutting and processing in one clamping, greatly improving production efficiency and accuracy. This not only shortens the production cycle, but also reduces errors and material losses caused by multiple clampings.
Improved design freedom: Three-dimensional five-axis technology enables designers to create complex shapes and structures more freely, achieving more creative and unique product designs. This provides more possibilities for mold design and helps develop more sophisticated and complex molds.
Reduce material waste: Because three-dimensional five-axis laser technology can accurately control the processing process, it can reduce material waste caused by improper processing and improve material utilization.
Improved yield: Based on the above technical advantages, three-dimensional five-axis laser processing can significantly improve the consistency and quality of finished products, thus improving the overall yield.

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